Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia diagnose ways

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is diagnosed in one of two ways.

A history and physical exam, as with all medical disorders, are used to make a diagnosis.

A classic presentation is a person with a new-onset fever, severe fatigue (difficult to get out of bed and/or sleep 14 hours a day without feeling refreshed), significant bruising (large bruises out of proportion to injury), difficult-to-stop bleeding, spleen enlargement, and enlarged lymph nodes throughout the body. 

The best hematologist in India has told the worth noting that these signs and symptoms are still largely non-specific. It is not necessary to have one or more of these symptoms to have leukemia. Many of these symptoms, for example, are also seen in people who have infectious mononucleosis (kissing illness), lupus, or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

I'd order a few lab tests at this point to try to narrow down the list of possible explanations. A complete blood count, which includes a white blood cell differential, is an important lab test to consider. This shows me how many white blood cells are being created, as well as the proportions of the various kinds. A person with leukaemia will usually have leukocytosis, which is another term for a large number of white blood cells. This person could possibly be anemic, have a low platelet count (which would explain the simple bleeding), or have a low neutrophil count (a specific type of white blood cell).

The final diagnosis is based on the results of the bone marrow biopsy and flow cytometry. A pathologist would diagnose cancer based on the shape of cells found in a bone marrow biopsy, and then characterize the exact immunophenotype (a fancy way of categorizing cancer) in order to personalize treatment and better define the prognosis.